Depression and anxiety in irritable bowel syndrome compared with inflammatory bowel disease and Clostridioides difficile infection during the COVID-19 pandemic
Keywords:
depression, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, Clostridioides difficile, COVID-19Abstract
nxiety and depressive disorders are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and have more than three-fold increased odds compared to healthy subjects. The COVID-19 pandemic affects significant psycho-emotional state in general population. The aim of the study was to evaluate the grade of anxiety and depression in patients with IBS, IBD and those with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) during the Covid-19 pandemic. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used to assess anxiety and depression respectively. A total of 30 IBS, 30 IBD and 30 CDI patients were randomly enrolled in this study. Depression was significantly more common in the IBS and CDI groups than in the IBD group (86.7%, 86,7% and 56.7% respectively, p=0,007). All patients of all study groups had both subtypes of anxiety of varying degrees. Severe state anxiety was found slightly more frequent in the IBS group than in the IBD and CDI groups (60.0%, 46.7% and 36.7%, respectively; p=0,192). Trait anxiety was even more frequent and severe than state anxiety. In conclusion, the level of depression and anxiety becomes extremely high in patients with IBS, IBD and CDI in stressful threatening social conditions, and these patients require appropriate diagnosis and treatment.
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