Clinical manifestations, complications and treatment of acromegaly

Abstract

Acromegaly is a rare neuroendocrine disease that requires a specific approach in the evaluation of clinical symptoms. Evaluation of medical records of 28 patients with acromegaly admitted to the „Endocrinology” department, IMSP Republican Clinical Hospital „Timofei Moșneaga” during the period 2018-2023 were analyzed. In men the mean age of acromegaly onset is 25.5 (± 5,86) years, in women is 46.29 (± 11,85) years. The most common early manifestations: facial changes, enlargement of the extremities and headache. The most frequent symptoms detected during the disease: headache (64.29%), visual disturbances (60.71%), facies acromegalis (57.14%), leg enlargement (53.57%), arthralgias (50%). The most common complications in patients were the following: cardiomyopathy (67.86%), hypertension (57.14%), thyroid gland disorders (42.86%), type 2 diabetes (35.71%). Out of 24 patients - 15 patients (62.5%) had recurrence of acromegaly. Acromegaly affects almost all body systems: endocrine, nervous, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and others, leading to a wide variety of clinical symptoms. The most common symptoms detected during the disease were associated with local tumor effects, hormonal disturbances and changes in metabolism.