Rolul microbiotei intestinale în cancerul colorectal

Evgheni Grusac; Svetlana Protopop; Silvia Stratulat; Ala Ambros; Veronica Sardari

doi:10.52556/2587-3873.2025.2(104).13

Rolul microbiotei intestinale în cancerul colorectal

Autori

Evgheni Grusac Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0719-3882
Svetlana Protopop Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1660-3343
Silvia Stratulat Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0985-307X
Ala Ambros Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-8501
Veronica Sardari Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-9145

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52556/2587-3873.2025.2(104).13

Cuvinte cheie:

cancer, AGEs, microbiotă, Disbioză, SCFAs, vitamina K

Rezumat

Cancerul tractului digestiv reprezintă o problemă majoră de sănătate publică în Republica Moldova, cu o incidență și mortalitate în creștere în ultimele decenii. Cancerul colorectal se numără printre cele mai frecvente cancere, ocupând locul trei în statistica mortalității prin cancer. Dezechilibrul în compoziția microbiotei intestinale (disbioza) a fost asociat cu dezvoltarea bolilor intestinale, inclusiv a cancerului colorectal. A fost realizată o analiză a literaturii din perioada 2010–2025, cu utilizarea a 35 de articole din bazele de date ScienceDirect, PubMed Central, Biomed Central, MedScape și Google Scholar. Dieta umană contemporană conține multe alimente supuse procesării termice intense, cum ar fi prăjirea, coacerea și afumarea, cu un conținut ridicat de produși finali ai glicării avansate (AGEs), care conduc la disbioză intestinală prin reducerea bacteriilor zaharolitice Ruminococcaceae și Alloprevotella producătoare de acizi grași cu lanț scurt (SCFA), și creșterea celor patogene Disulfovibrio și Bacteroides. În primul rând, disbioza generată de AGEs reduce producerea de SCFAs, în special a butiratului, care are efecte antiinflamatorii, antitumorale și prokinetice. În al doilea rând, bacteriile patogene induc formarea substanțelor cancerigene, cum ar fi toxinele bacteriene și metaboliții carbohidraților, proteinelor, colesterolului și ai acizilor biliari. În al treilea rând, bacteriile patogene scad sinteza, metabolizarea și asimilarea vitaminelor K2 (menachinona), B7 (biotina), B12 (cobalamina), B9 (acidul folic), B3 (niacina), B5 (acidul pantotenic), B6 (piridoxina), B2 (riboflavina) și B1 (tiamina). În concluzie, dieta cu un conținut redus de AGEs, în asociere cu sinbioticele, probioticele, prebioticele și transplantul maselor fecale sunt metode promițătoare în prevenirea cancerului colorectal.

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Descărcări

Publicat

10.12.2025

Număr

Nr. 2(104) (2025): Supliment. Al VI-lea Congres Național de Gastroenterologie și Hepatologie din Republica Moldova cu participare internațională

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Licență

Această lucrare este licențiată în temeiul Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Cum cităm

[1]

Grusac, E. et al. 2025. Rolul microbiotei intestinale în cancerul colorectal. Public Health Economy and Management in Medicine. 2(104) (Dec. 2025), 76–80. DOI:https://doi.org/10.52556/2587-3873.2025.2(104).13.