Rare upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Keywords:
“rare upper gastrointestinal bleeding”, “rare bleeding with a point of origin in the esophagus, stomach, duodenum”, “treatment of rare gastrointestinal bleeding”Abstract
The purpose of the article was to analyze information from existing literature sources about rare upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A number of scientific publications have been studied that present information on the epidemiology, clinical picture, instrumental diagnosis and treatment of rare and case-induced digestive bleeding. International publications through the online platforms Google Scholar and PubMed have been used as sources. 62 scientific publications were identified that reveal current information regarding the epidemiology, the peculiarities of the clinical picture, instrumental diagnosis and treatment of rare and case-induced digestive hemorrhages.Because the frequency of bleeding described in the article is low, each case elucidated in the literature is a benchmark that can help us to establish clinical diagnosis and treatment tactics in similar cases. In hemorrhages from papilla duodenum major, CT angiography allows not only to establish the correct diagnosis, but if necessary to perform hemostasis by vascular embolization. In patients with portal hypertension, in the absence of hemorrhage from varices of the esogastric junction, gastroduodenal ulcer is necessary to exclude hemorrhage from atypical duodenal or intestinal varices. In cases where frequent sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are absent during endoscopic examination, a thorough examination of the mucous membranes of the stomach and duodenum is necessary to exclude Dieulafoy lesion, antral gastric vascular ectopia, aortoduodenal fistula, gastroduodenal diverticulum, stromal tumor of the stomach and duodenum. The patient’s life history will allow us to establish the presence of digestive hemorrhage caused by hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia, or the presence of coagulation disorders.
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