Actualități în managementul limfoamelor non-Hodgkin: profi lul epidemiologic și socioeconomic

Vasile Musteata

Autori

Vasile Musteata Universitatea de Stat de Medicină şi Farmacie „Nicolae Testemiţanu“ https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-7170

Cuvinte cheie:

limfom non-Hodgkin, incidenţă, mortalitate, management

Rezumat

Creșterea incidenței în populația aptă de muncă, diagnosticarea adesea tardivă și nivelul semnifi cativ de dizabilitate în limfoamele non-Hodgkin (LNH) pot fi considerate subiecte primordiale ale hematooncologiei clinice și managementului sănătății publice. A fost realizat un studiu secundar, calitativ, – o trecere în revistă a literaturii de specialitate, sub formă de articol de sinteză. Pentru realizarea obiectivului formulat, au fost consultate publicaţiile știinţifi ce medicale din baza de date GoogleSearch, PubMed, Z-library, NCIB, Medscape, Hinari, căutate după cuvintele-cheie. Incidența LNH în țările occidentale constituie 14–19 cazuri noi la 100 de mii de locuitori (4% din tumori maligne). În ambele sexe, incidența LNH a corelat cu indicele de dezvoltare umană în funcție de țară. Ratele incidenței la începutul ultimului deceniu au variat semnifi cativ în funcție de regiunea geografi că, fi ind mai înalte la sexul masculin. În anii 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 și 2020 incidența LNH (C82 – C85; C88, С96) în Moldova a fost corespunzător 5,9, 6,7, 5,1, 6,8 și 5,1, depășind indicele respectiv în celelalte hemopatii maligne, însă a manifestat tendință descrescătoare. LNH a provocat 6,8 milioane DALYs (ani de viață ajustați la dizabilități) în 2016, cu 98% parvenind din anii de viață pierduți și 2% din anii trăiți cu dizabilități. Determinantele primare ale costurilor au fost spitalizările (LNH agresive – 44%, LNH indolente – 50% din costurile totale) și vizitele în ambulatoriu (LNH agresive – 39%, LNH indolente – 34% din costurile totale).

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