Pulmonary infections in immunocompromised
Keywords:
pneumonia, immunosuppressionAbstract
Lung infections are among the most common complications that occur in immunocompromised hosts. Diagnosis of pneumonia in the immunocompromised is often difficult due to the atypical presentation and varied imaging patterns that can lead to situations where their differential diagnosis can be challenging. The broad aetiological spectrum includes fungi, bacteria, but also viruses, especially in the context of the SARS-Cov2 pandemic. Pneumonia in a compromised host is often associated with a complicated evolution, difficult differential diagnosis, delayed resolution and a high mortality rate.
References
1. Letourneau A.R., Issa N.C., and Baden L.R. Pneumonia in the immunocompromised host. In: Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, 2014. 20(3): p. 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCP.0000000000000051
2. Rali P. et al. Opportunistic Pulmonary Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts. In: Crit Care Nurs Q. 2016. 39(2): p. 161-75. https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000109
3. Peck K.R. et al. Pneumonia in immunocompromised patients: updates in clinical and imaging features. In: Precis Future Med. 2018. 2(3): p. 95-108. https://doi.org/10.23838/pfm.2018.00121
4. Hill A.T. Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Adults: A Consensus Statement Regarding Initial Strategies. In: CHEST, 2020. 158(5): p. 1802-1803. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.08.003
5. Di Pasquale M.F. et al. Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients. In: Clin Infect Dis. 2019. 68(9): p. 1482-1493.
6. Azoulay E. et al. Diagnosis of severe respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients. In: Intensive Care Med. 2020. 46(2): p. 298-314. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-019-05906-5
7. Protocol clinic național Pneumonia cmunitară la adult. Chișinău, 2020.
8. King L.J. and S.P.G. Padley. Imaging of the thorax in AIDS. In: Imaging, 2002. 14(1): p. 60-76. https://doi.org/10.1259/img.14.1.140060
9. Bernas O., Chesov D., Scutaru E., Botnaru V. Dificultăți în diagnosticarea atingerilor pulmonare la bolnavii imunocompromiși din infecția HIV. In: Medical Sciences, 2021. 69 N 1.
10. Lisboa M. et al. Time delay and associated mortality from negative smear to positive Xpert MTB/RIF test among TB/HIV patients: a retrospective study. In: BMC Infectious Diseases, 2019. 19(1): p. 18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-018-3656-x
11. Salzer H.J.F. et al. Clinical, Diagnostic, and Treatment Disparities between HIV-Infected and Non-HIV-Infected Immunocompromised Patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia. In: Respiration, 2018. 96(1): p. 52-65. https://doi.org/10.1159/000487713
12. Kanne J.P., Yandow D.R., and Meyer C.A. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia: high-resolution CT findings in patients with and without HIV infection. In: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012. 198(6): p. W555-61. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.11.7329
13. Vento S., F. Cainelli and Z. Temesgen. Lung infections after cancer chemotherapy. In: Lancet Oncol. 2008. 9(10): p. 982-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70255-9
14. Cilloniz C. et al. Community-acquired lung respiratory infections in HIV-infected patients: microbial aetiology and outcome. In: Eur Respir J, 2014. 43(6): p. 1698-708. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00155813
15. Gonzalez C. et al. Predicting pneumonia mortality using CURB-65, PSI, and patient characteristics in patients presenting to the emergency department of a comprehensive cancer center. In: Cancer Medicine, 2014. 3(4): p. 962-970. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.240
16. Botnaru V. et al. Scorurile prognostice în contextul pneumoniilor gripale severe 2009 AH1N1. In: Curierul Medical. 2012, nr. 2(326), pp. 14-19.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
